By controlling the interfacial packing of nanoparticle surfactants using external triggers, a new class of materials can be generated that combines the desirable characteristics of fluids such as rapid transport of energy carriers with the structural stability of a solid. With more than 200 scientists and students and well over 24 million in instrumentation, the Polymer Science and Engineering Department at the University of Massachusetts Amherst is one of the largest academic centers for polymer research in the world. Liquids can be structured by the jamming of nanoparticle surfactants at fluid interfaces. The interfacial assembly of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) at liquid interfaces would play a key role in applications such as nanotube fractionation, flexible electronic thin-film fabrication and synthesis of porous SWCNT/polymer composites foams. For biological nanoparticles, the nanoparticle assembly at fluid interfaces provides a simple route for directing nanoparticles into 2D or 3D constructs with hierarchical ordering. Self-assembly behavior of both biological and synthetic particles is discussed. Recent developments in the field of the self-assembly of nanoscale materials such as nanoparticles, nanorods and nanosheets at liquid/liquid interfaces are reviewed. Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, USA
Russell 2 ,3 *ĭepartment of of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, USAĭepartment of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
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